A building before its number, the street behind a care-of line, and a town under another of its names

A building named in front of its number and street. Richmond House 50 Tontine Street, Blackburn BB1 7ED now reads Richmond House as the building and 50 Tontine Street as the number and street, as the comma form already did; the whole line used to be the street, with no house number. The split needs a name of two words or more that ends in a building word — House, Building, Court, Point, Quay, Wharf, Park and the like — followed by a number and a street that ends in a street type, in a country that writes the number first, so a street such as Mill House Close is never cut. A unit written in front reads the same way: Unit 3 Morris Park 37 Rosyth Road is Unit 3 of Morris Park, at 37 Rosyth Road.

The street on a care-of line. In separated fields, a care-of line that carries the street keeps the street and drops the name: C/O CSC CLS (UK) LIMITED 5 CHURCHILL PLACE above 10TH FLOOR reads 5 Churchill Place with the unit 10TH FLOOR, where the whole line used to be set aside and the address was left with no street. An ordinal street (c/o ACME Corp 623 26th Ave) and one whose type comes first (c/o Smith LLP 1345 Avenue of the Americas) are read too, and so, in any country, is a street parted from the name by a comma (c/o Ola Hansen, Karl Johans gate 22 reads Karl Johans gate 22). Wherever the name can be told from the street it never becomes the street, and a care-of line with no street on it is set aside once a town or postcode is given, as it already was in a written address.

A town after a floor. 167-169 Great Portland Street 5th Floor London, W1W 5PF reads London as the locality, where it used to take London for the dependent_locality and leave the town empty. That happens only when no other town line is written, and a room or building named after the floor — Lion Suite, Lion House — is never the town.

States in Mexico and India. A Mexican state written by its INEGI code, abbreviation or name — Jal., N.L., Edo. Méx. — and an Indian state written by its name are read as the administrative_area, before or after the postcode, a full name when it stands on a line of its own: Avenida Juárez 100, Guadalajara, Jal. 44100 reads Guadalajara in Jal. and matches the postcode on both, where Jal. used to be taken for the town, and 1 MG Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560001 reads Bengaluru in Karnataka. A state whose full name is also a large city's — Puebla, Durango, Oaxaca, Delhi — and Mexico City are left to be read as the town.

An Irish county is not an Eircode. A postcode with no digit in it is no longer read as one, so 12 Main Street, Naas, Co. Kildare reads Naas in Co. Kildare with no Eircode, where it used to take KILDARE for the postcode, and a town written alone after the street — Athlone, New Ross — stays the town. A real Eircode (D02 X285) still reads, and Bermuda's letter-only codes (HM BX) are the one exception.

Unit lines as each country writes them. A German 3. OG or EG, a Danish 2. tv, a Spanish 3º B, an Italian Scala B after the town and a French Bât. B are the unit, where they used to be read as a district or as the region, and a French Résidence is a building: Calle Mayor 5, 3º B, 28013 Madrid answers unit 3º B. An Austrian Stiege 3, Top 7 is the unit too, but only in Austria: in Germany and Switzerland Stiege is a street name, so Stiege 12, 48739 Legden reads the street Stiege at number 12. Studio is a unit word when a number or a single letter follows it (Studio 16, 5 Marine Crescent), while Studio Rd stays a street; a box line keeps the street written below it (CS 70001 above 12 rue Bichat); and a building number written before a unit carries to the street on the next line.

Unit and number, the way they are written. In Australia and New Zealand a slash is unit over number: 3 / 1234 Pacific Highway, Pymble NSW 2073 answers unit 3 and house_number 1234, where the number used to be 3 / 1234, and Level 3/123 Collins Street, Melbourne VIC 3000 reads unit Level 3 at 123 Collins Street. An Austrian Hauptstraße 3/2/12 reads number 3 with unit 2/12, and a Russian ул. Тверская, д. 1 reads the street and house number 1. A company name above a numbered street is the organisation, and a numbered street is never taken for the town: Knoll Buchler Phillips Limited, 84 Grosvenor Street, W1K 3LN reads 84 Grosvenor Street.

13 of the parser corpus's 18 known limits are closed. It now holds 238 written addresses, 6 of them known limits with today's answer and a note.

Company counts, re-keyed. Re-keying the whole Companies House copy of 1 September 2026 with the new parser, the way the company index files it, 4,221,495 companies key to a building, up from 4,109,723. Of the 110,663 that had no key before and have one now, 46,438 gained it through a building named in front of its number, 41,041 through a unit written before a building and 10,153 through a care-of line. Richmond House, 50 Tontine Street BB1 7ED goes from 89 companies to 307, 5 Churchill Place E14 5HU from 1,921 to 2,640, Carpenter Court, 1 Maple Road SK7 2DH from 11 to 865, Lake House, 2 Port Way PO6 4TY from 7 to 772 and Lytchett House, 13 Freeland Park BH16 6FA from 142 to 1,711, and the filings keyed to a street that is really a care-of line fall from 4,356 to 1,601. Brønnøysund's file and the five US business registers go through the same separated fields and lose 1,114 Norwegian entries and 632 American ones: every Norwegian one a lone care-of line, and each of the 107 American ones sampled a lone care-of or attention line.

Other names of a town. A town written under another name of the same place now matches its postcode: Munich for 80331 (München), Cologne, Vienna, Prague, Lisbon, Rome, Milan, Brussels, Bucharest, Moscow and Kiev each scored locality_mismatch and now read locality_matches_postcode: true. The names come from GeoNames' list of places of 15,000 people or more (CC BY 4.0), compared inside one country only; a name that another listed place of that country also carries is left out, and so are airport codes. Another name is matched against the postcode's own places, or the name of a one-city region, never against its neighbours', and a town's only where the postcode's centroid lies within 30 km of the point GeoNames gives the place, so Bristol written for Briston's NR24 2AD and Berlin for Perlin's 19209 are refused. A name the directory also lists as a town of its own more than 30 km away counts only when it is the place's own name cut short — Biberach for Biberach an der Riß, Yarmouth for Great Yarmouth — so Perlin, a village near Schwerin that GeoNames lists among Berlin's names, is refused for a Berlin code too. An answer confirmed through another name names geonames-cities in its sources, dated by the day the cities file was installed; one written in the directory's own spelling, München, does not. Measured on 24 September 2026 across every installed directory, Great Britain's included, as it stood before the GeoNames re-read below, writing 23,683 of the list's towns in those countries under their GeoNames names: the postcode nearest the town accepts it 77.6 percent of the time, up from 72.5; a wrong postcode 15 to 40 km away 56.0 percent, up from 55.6, every gain within 30 km of the town at a code that lists it under another of its names or in its one-city region; and one 40 to 150 km away 36.2 percent, unchanged but for a single Bangkok code, which Bangkok's one-city region accepts. Of 32,700 real pairs of a postcode and its own first place none changed, and of 25,867 wrong pairs none was newly accepted. A wrong name — Pressburg, Bratislava's German name, for a Budapest code — is still refused.

A town written as its one-city region. Where the region a postcode is filed under is a single city, the city's name written as the town reads confirmation.locality: postcode_area, reported and never scored. Mexico City was the only one; Delhi, DKI Jakarta, Bangkok, Bogotá, Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Bucharest, Seoul and Korea's other metropolitan and special self-governing cities — Busan, Incheon, Daegu, Gwangju, Daejeon, Ulsan and Sejong — now join it, and so does Tokyo for a code filed under one of its special wards, 7,510 of the directory's 8,747 Tokyo codes. Tokyo for 100-0005, Jakarta for 10110, Seoul, Busan, Sejong, Bangkok and Bogotá scored locality_mismatch and no longer do, while Tokyo written for a Hachiōji code (192-0001) still is: the Tama cities and the islands are not the city. Bucharest is the municipality alone, not Ilfov around it, and Bucharest written as the region for 010011 no longer scores region_mismatch. A region that merely holds a city of its name — Bremen, São Paulo, New York — is never one city.

Region spellings for Indonesia, Korea and Colombia. The directory files Indonesian postcodes under the statistics office's province numbers alone, so any province written by name scored region_mismatch. All 34 provinces now answer to their number, ISO code, Indonesian and English names and the usual short forms (Jawa Barat, West Java, Jabar), and the four Papuan provinces created in 2022 read as inside the one they were split from. Korea's 17 regions, which the directory stores in Hangul, answer to their romanised, English and Hangul names, and Bogotá to its capital-district spellings. Across every installed code, the 8,266 Indonesian codes written with their province's Indonesian name went from region_mismatch to a match, and so did the 34,249 Korean codes written with the short names (Seoul, Gyeonggi), and the 22,273 of them the romanised ISO names had failed.

Danish towns without their district letter, and postcodes in two regions. GeoNames writes a Danish postal town with the letter or name of its district — København K, Aarhus C, Viby J, Nykøbing F, Brenderup Fyn — so København, Copenhagen or Aarhus written on its own scored locality_mismatch. The directory now lists the bare town beside it, and does the same for eleven Dutch codes and one in Liechtenstein whose town carries letters that tell it from a namesake (Bergen L, Mauren FL). A postcode GeoNames files under two regions now keeps both, where it kept only the first: 3644 lies in New South Wales and Victoria, so Cobram East VIC 3644 no longer scores region_mismatch, and nor does Queanbeyan's 2620 written with New South Wales. Measured on 24 September 2026, before and after the directory was re-read from GeoNames with the new reader: the 605 Danish codes whose town carries such a suffix, written with the bare town, go from 599 locality_mismatch to none, and Copenhagen written for the 446 codes of København from 446 to 2 — 0900 and 0999, which GeoNames places in North Jutland, beyond the 30 km another name reaches; 314 codes in 25 countries are filed under two regions or more, and written with a region after the first they go from 269 region_mismatch to none.

Eircode routing keys that cross a county line. GeoNames files each routing key under a single province, so an address in a county across the line from the key's town scored region_mismatch. Which counties a key reaches now comes from the Property Services Regulatory Authority's Residential Property Price Register, as last updated on 23 September 2026 and read on the 24th: 250,671 of its 807,724 sales carry an Eircode, and a county counts for a key once it holds at least ten of that key's sales. Fourteen keys reach a county of another province, or are filed under the wrong one: A82, A91, E32, E41, E53, F91, H12, H91, N37, N39, N41, P14, R42 and X91. For those, every county the key reaches, and that county's province, answers administrative_area_matches_postcode: null, neither confirmed nor refused; the province GeoNames files the key under answers null rather than true; and a county the key does not reach is still refused unless it lies in that province — and for P14, which GeoNames files under Leinster though none of its sales is there, even then: Athlone's N37 written with Roscommon no longer scores, written with Kerry it still does, and Crookstown's P14 written with Kildare now does. D11 and D15 reach into Meath, 17 of D11's 3,132 sales and 149 of D15's 7,075, so neither confirms County Dublin any longer; Dublin 11 and Dublin 15 still do. Written with each sale's own county, the register's addresses now score region_mismatch 330 times, down from 3,644, and 10,035 D11 and D15 sales written with Dublin (3,115 and 6,920) read null where they read true, measured on the same sales that set the ten-sale line. Only the facts derived from it ship — the counties of those fourteen keys, and D11's and D15's — and the register is credited in the footer and in the address guide's table of datasets.

Known limits.

• 1-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0005 keeps 1-1 on the street line: Japan's format writes the block number after the name, as the Japanese script does, and the number is split off only once the formatter writes it first for an address in Latin letters.
• 10 downing street london sw1a2aa, written on one line with no separators, keeps the town on the street line: only a register can say where the street ends.
• A building, court or park named in front of a number, above a street address the parser does not take for one (Innovation Centre 1 Liverpool Science Park over 131 Mount Pleasant, Aftermarket House 5 Marlin Office Village over 1250 Chester Road Castle Bromwich), is keyed at its own number rather than the street's. Of the 185 filings the whole file re-keys, 138 move onto a road OS Open Names lists in the postcode's district and 8 move off one.
• A care-of line in a country that writes the number after the street, with no comma between the name and the street, cannot be cut, because where the name ends and the street begins cannot be read: written as an address, c/o Firma AS Storgata 5, 0155 Oslo is set aside and answers missing_street, and in separated fields the whole line stays the street, c/o Firma AS Storgata at number 5.
• A Mexican state's full name run on after the town on the same line (Guadalajara Jalisco 44100) stays with the town, because towns end in state names too (Miguel Hidalgo, Dolores Hidalgo); written on a line of its own (Guadalajara, Jalisco 44100) it is the state.
• The directory carries no names for Indonesia's regency codes, so Jakarta Pusat written for 10110 still scores locality_mismatch, even though DKI Jakarta now matches the region.
• Cundinamarca for a Bogotá code, and a Russian region written in English (Moscow Oblast), still score region_mismatch.
• Another name that the directory also lists as a town of its own more than 30 km away does not count unless it is the place's own name cut short: Calicut is not taken for Kozhikode at 673001, because a Calicut in the Andamans has a code of its own, and reads postcode_area, unscored; Llanelly for Llanelli's SA15 1AB scores locality_mismatch, because the directory also lists a Llanelly in Monmouthshire. Nor does another name at a postcode GeoNames places more than 30 km from its town: Helsingfors for Helsinki's 00002, which it places at Hattula.
• A code GeoNames files under a region by mistake answers to that region too: Bulgaria's 8543, a Burgas code, is also filed under Montana, so Монтана written for it is accepted.
• A county that holds fewer than ten of a key's sales is still refused: Mullingar's N91 written with Cavan, which holds 4, scores region_mismatch. The register lists residential sales only, so a cross-border area with no recorded sale stays unseen.